Kodagu is a hamlet of Karnataka State in southern India. It is also known by his nom anglicisé of Coorg. It occupies about 4100 square km (1580 mi ²) of land in the Western Ghats of South Western Karnataka. From 2001, the population was 548561, some with 13.74% of the population residing in the territory of urban centres.
Kodagu capital is Madikeri. The district bordering the Dakshina Kannada district north-west district theHassan in the northern district of Mysore in the East, Kannur district of Kerala state, south-west and the Wayanad district of Kerala To the south.
Geography
Kodagu is in the eastern slopes of the Western Ghats. It is hilly circle with the lowest in the district height of 900 meters (2900 feet) above sea level. The highest peak, Tadiandamol rises to 1750 metres (5700 feet), with Pushpagiri, the second on 1715 meters (5600 feet).
The main river is the Kaveri Kodagu (Cauvery) River. The Kaveri starts at Talakaveri, covering the side of the Western Ghats, and its tributaries, drains, most of the Kodagu. In the rainy season, especially in the south-west during the monsoons, from June until the end of September, currents are swift and violent. In July and August, rainfall is intense, and there is frequent rain showers in November. The year rainfall exceeding May 4000 millimetres (160) in some areas. In the dense jungle of fonts, precipitation from 3000 to 3800 mm (120 to 150) and 1500 to 2500 mm (60 to 100) in the district of bamboo in the west.
Map of the region.
Kodagu has an average temperature of 15 degrees C (59 degrees F) and ranged from 11 to 28 ° C (52 to 82 ° F), with the highest temperatures occur in April and May.
The main city and the Capital District, east Madikeri or Mercara, with a population of about 30000 Other major cities are Virajpet (Viraranjendrapet) and Somwarpet. The department is divided into three administrative Talukas (division) Madikeri, Virajpet and Somwarpet.
Performance
Currently, there are two members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) were elected Kodagu of the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka, one of Madikeri and Virajpet talukas. Kodagu is part of Mysore, Lok Sabha, Parliamentary Under-riding.
The status of Kodagu was a State to a part of the city in 1956. Coorg The National Council is actively seek a return of the State, booking of the draft tribal district, another constituency, Lok Sabha, and autonomy.
Agriculture
A large part of the department is the culture: typically, rice fields lie on the valley floors, with a tree planting cover crops in the surrounding hills. The planting of over harvesting coffee is, first and foremost, C. robusta, with C. Arabica has grown in some parts of southern Kodagu. Many other crops are also being developed, including black pepper, para rubber, teak and cocoa. There are also large areas of natural forests, especially in forest reserves in the south and east.
Fauna and Flora
Kodagu is rich in fauna and flora and fauna and three shrines and a National Park: Brahmagiri Wildlife Sanctuary, Talakaveri Wildlife Sanctuary and Pushpagiri Wildlife Sanctuary, or Nagarahole and Rajiv Gandhi National Park.
The flora of the jungle Champlain Paka (Champak), Mesua (iron wood), Diospyros (ebony wood and other species), Toona Ciliata (Indian mahogany), Chickrassia tubularis (Redcedar), Calophyllum angustifolium (Poon disputer ), Canarium strictum (Black Dammar) Artocarpus, Dipterocarpus, Garcinia, Euonymus, Cinnamomum, Myristica, bilberries, Myrtacées Melastomataceae, Rubus (three species) and a rose. In the sous-bois, is the cardamom, areca, flour banana, cane, black pepper, wild tree, and other species of ferns and arums.
In the forest of bamboo less densely wooded country west of Kodagu the most common trees are Dalbergia latifolia (Blackwood), Pterocarpus marsupium (cinema tree), Terminalia tomentosa (Matthi), Lagerstroemia parviflora (Benteak), Anogeissus latifolia (Dindul ), Bassia latifolia, Butea monosperma, Nauclea parvifiora, and several species of Acacia. Teck and sandalwood also develop in the eastern part of the district.
The wildlife includes: the Asian elephant, tigre, leopard, Dhole, Gaur, wild boars and several species of deer.
People
Kodagu is home to many communities of different ethnic origins, Kodavas major ethnic groups. Other municipalities are part Lingayaths, AreBhase Gowda, Malayali, Brahmins, Christians and Jain. There are also a number of tribes such as Yeravas, Kurubas, Airies and Kudiyas are of the opinion that the original settlers. The Muslims of the Malabar coast, Mapilles were also present for many years as traders and entrepreneurs.
The municipality Kodava figures, about one fifth of a total population of over 500000, speak the language of Kodava. The ancestors are traditionally Kodavas servants with a martial tradition, and it is not uncommon, I find a Kodava in the highest levels of the Indian defence services. The Devanga were once part of King’s Kodagu army, and remains an excellent Kodava group.
The Yerava or Ravula, live in border regions Kerala, where they are known as the Adiya, and is mainly Hindu peasants. Among others, these are the common Heggades, tillers Malabar, Ayiri, the craftsmen of caste, the Medes are, basketry and Matte Weber and at festivals as a drummer, Binepatta, originally musicians to migratory from Malabar, now farmers and Kavadi, Motoculteurs of Yedenalknad. All these groups speak the language and Kodava consistent with Kodava General on Tariffs and the robe.
Other castes and tribes Thiyas (business) and Nairs, a caste of warriors, emigrated from Kerala, which Vellala, Tamil and Marathi.
Muslims, who are most likely Moplahs, emigrated from Kerala, and the Shaikhs.
Economy
Kodagu is a rural area with most of the economy based on agriculture, plantations and forests, and one of the richest parts of Karnataka. This is due primarily on production and coffee plantations to other crops.
[Rice]] and other crops are grown in the valleys.
Plantations of coffee has been characteristic of the borough, the 20 Century, is a slope too steep for crops of rice and existing systems, using the shade of forests. Today, coffee is an important cash crop.
In recent years, tourism has also begun to play a role in the economy. Eco-tourism, hiking and trekking, the benefits of planting transformed into a reception building, houses.
History
Feature: History of Kodagu
Kodagu was a kingdom of the Hoysalas of 11 to 14 EC century, then by the Vijayanagara Empire and Chengalvas. The Wodeyars Kodagu decided on 17 to 19 century.
In the United Kingdom, Kodagu joined in 1834, after the détrônant of Chikkaveerarajendra Wodeyar. The province has been director of commissioners for Indian independence in 1948
Kodagu has been given to a representative of the Rajya Sabha as a category “C” State in the year 1952. In organizing the re-Unis, took place in 1956, Kodagu is a hamlet in the state of Karnataka.
The name
The district is the default name Koḍagu in transliteration.
The name of the other releases in popular etymology, inter alia: Canada kudu of language, ie steep or rough; Krodha Desa, in the Puranas, which means “Land of Anger” - described Kodavas here are, as mleccha, which means that foreigners. It is also said that Kodagu is derived from the word “Kodava: Kod means” to give “and avva means” mother “, ie the mother Kaveri, the river Kaveri.
However, the Dravidische Etymological Dictionary deals with the etymology of names in the context of kurukh the names of people oraon use for themselves and their language, and suggests a possible link with the common Dravidische kōṭa referring to the west winds and the time to find.
Coorg, in English, is derived from it by transforming the retroflex ‘ḍ’ ‘r’ (see Maḍikeri to Mercara).
People are in English as “Coorg” pluralization “Coorgs”; local and ethnic known as “Kodava” pluralization “Kodavas.” The name of the language is Kodava.
Festivals
The Kodavas are traditional warriors and farmers. Most of its rituals, traditions and celebrations around their agriculture and military capabilities. Initially most of their lives in the industry: culture and harvest, war, hunting for food and the protection of its fields in the looting of wild animals. It is in these contexts, that the weapons was an integral part of culture, religious and emotional depth.
There are three major festivals: the festival of arms or Kailpodhu, Kaveri Shan Mana Kara and harvesting through Puttari (puthari). These three festivals occur between September and December.
Kailpodhu
Kailpodhu is celebrated on September 3. Officially the festival starts the 18 day following the date of sunshine in Simha raasi (the Western Leo). Kail means weapon or weapons Pold means room and festivals. The days of completion of the “Nati” - ie transplanting rice (paddy) crop.
The festival means the date on which men should be to protect their harvest of wild boars and other animals, as in previous months in which the family were involved in the fields, all weapons were usually deposited in the “kanni Kombare “, or Please space. Hence, the day of Kailpoldu, weapons are the region Pooja, cleaned and decorated with flowers. They are in constant Nellakki Nadubadec “, the central room of the house and place of the common worship. Each family member has a bathroom after the veneration of weapons. The food and drink. The most former member of the family hands a pistol in the direction member of the family, which indicates the beginning of the festivities. The whole family gathers in the “Mand” (FG), in which physical and sporting competitions, including Schießkunst, are carried out. In the past, hunting and cooking wild game was part of the celebrations, but now draw qualifications to be tested by a burning sensation on the coconut on a contract related branch of a high level of the tree.
Traditional rural sports, as falls on a heap of coconut in the hands of a group of 8-10 people (thenge porata), throwing a stone in the size of a cricket ball in a coconut at a distance 10-15 of the heart and kidneys (thenge EED), only a stone’s throw from 30-40cm coated bullets on the feet and thrown back over the shoulders, etc, are now present in the categories Kodava Samajas in cities and municipalities.
Kaveri Sankramana
The Festival of the Kaveri Sankramana normally mid-October. It is a relationship with the river Kaveri, which flows through the circle of source in Talakaveri.
At a predetermined time, when the sun Tula Rasi (sankramana Tula), a well of a small tank filled the reservoir in the greatest saint Talakaveri. Thousands of people gather, soak in this holy water. The bottled water and reaches every household in all Kodagu. This holy water Theertha say, and get all the houses in Kodava. A spoonful of this water is dead, the faith they attain moksha (spiritual emancipation) and the entry into the sky.
So far, married women wear silk saris lead to a new Puja vegetables symbolize the goddess of Kaveri. The vegetable is a general rule, a cucumber, or a coconut, wrapped in a piece of cloth and silk red, decorated with flowers and jewelry (especially “Pathak (Kodava Mangalasuthra)). This is what ‘called kanni Puje. Kanni say the goddess Parvati, embodies, as Kaveri. Three sets of leaves and Betel nut-Areka are required before the goddess of grapes, glass bangles. All family members request the goddess of rice and throw himself niederwerfend of the image. Former members of the family solemnly blessed youth. Then an old married woman draws water from wells and cooking begins. The menu du jour and east DOSA vegetable curry (typically, squash curry (kari kumbala)) and payasa. Nothing else that vegetarian food is cooked so far and is the only festival, which is strictly vegetarian.
Puttari
Puttari means “new rice” and is the feast of the harvest of rice (also called huttari neighbors in Canada francophone countries). This November at the end or early December. And preparations for the celebrations of this feast one week in advance.
On the day of the Puttari, the whole family gathers in its mane ain (of the family home), green with flowers and leaves of banana and mango. Some foods are prepared: thambuttu, puttari, Kari polished and polished. Then, the oldest family member Sichel hands on the head of the family and one of the women leads to a procession of rice fields with a lamp illuminates in his hands. The path leads to the region is decorated. A gunshot wound is to mark the beginning of the harvest, chanting “Poli Poli Deva (prosperity) of all persons present. Then, harvesting symbolic of the harvest begins. Rice is cut and stacked and linked to odd numbers and at home are offered to the gods. The younger generation, then lite firecrackers and Revel, as a symbol of prosperity. Groups of young people visit the nearby houses and demonstrate their capabilities and dance are monetary gifts. A week later, this money is merged and the entire village to celebrate a dinner in common. All family members to gather these meals. Dinner usually consists of meat, including pork, fish and curry. Alcoholic beverages are also at these festivals.
Tourist Attractions
The temple of the station Omkareshwara temple in Coorg, the city background
Talakaveri: the place where the river Kaveri back. The temple on the banks of the river here the prince is dedicated to Brahma, and is one of only two temple dedicated to Brahma in India and Southeast Asia.
Nisargadhama: A beautiful island and picnic near Kushalanagara by the river Kaveri.
If Iruppu: A Kodagu sacred place in the south of the hill Brahmagiri rich. The [[Lakshmana Tirtha River] runs nearby. Legend has it that Rama and Lakshmana passed during this way, the search for Sita. Sri Rama asked to make some Lakshmana drinking water for him. Lakshmana shot arrow in the hills and Brahmagiri launched Lakshmanatirtha the river. The river bottom in a cataract Iruppu known as the event. This place is said to have the power to cleanse sins and is visited by thousands of faithful in Shivaratri day.
Abbey Falls: a charming landscape of waterfall 5 km from Madikeri.
Dubare: above all, an elephant and collecting training camps division Dubare forest on the edge of the forest on the banks of river Kaveri along the Kushalanagara - Siddapur road.
Nagarahole: a national park wildlife and exit.
Bhagamandala: located at the confluence of two rivers, the Kaveri and Kanika. A third river, Sujyothi, it is said that the accession of U-Bahn.
Bylakuppe: The second Tibetan settlement in India. The Namdroling abbeys and the temple of gold can be found here.
Celebrities Kodagu
K. Mr. Field Marshal Cariappa
General K. S. Thimayya
Arjun Halappa, National Hockey Player
Robin Uthappa, International Cricket players